Clean Air Solutions: July 2023

Monday, July 31, 2023

Enhance Indoor Air Quality with Camfil, A Leader in Air Filtration in the USA

In today’s fast-paced world, the importance of clean and healthy indoor air cannot be overstated. Whether it’s our homes, offices, or public spaces, the quality of the air we breathe directly affects our well-being. That’s where Camfil, a leading air filtration company, comes in. With their wide range of high-quality air filters, Camfil ensures you can breathe easily, no matter where you are. In this blog, we’ll explore the various Google Business locations where you can find Camfil air filters, promoting healthier environments for everyone.

1. Addison, Illinois Air Filters:

In Addison, Illinois, Camfil’s Google Business location offers air filters to capture and remove airborne pollutants, ensuring cleaner and healthier indoor air.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Addison, IL Branch

1041 Republic Dr, Addison,
IL 60101, USA

Phone: +1 630-543-5221

W: https://camfilusaaddison.submitmypressrelease.com/

2. Birmingham, Alabama Air Filters:

Camfil’s Birmingham Google Business location provides air filters that efficiently remove harmful particles, allergens, and contaminants, improving indoor air quality for residents and businesses in the area.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Birmingham, AL Branch

411 37th Street North, Birmingham,
AL, 35222

Phone: +1 205-591-4835

W: https://camfilusabirmingham.submitmypressrelease.com/

3. Colorado Springs, Colorado Air Filters:

With Camfil air filters in Colorado Springs, residents and businesses can safeguard indoor environments from pollutants and maintain a healthier atmosphere.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Colorado Springs, CO Branch

870 Elkton Drive, Suite 106
CO, 80907

Phone: +1 719-475-7307

W: https://camfilusacoloradosprings.submitmypressrelease.com/

4. Denver, Colorado Air Filters:

Camfil’s Denver Google Business location offers air filters that effectively trap airborne particles, allowing residents and businesses to enjoy cleaner and fresher indoor air.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Denver, CO Branch

2500 West 8th Avenue
CO, 80204-3752

Phone: +1 303-893-3030

W: https://camfilusadenver.submitmypressrelease.com/

5. Kalamazoo, Michigan Air Filters:

Residents and businesses in Kalamazoo, Michigan, can rely on Camfil’s Google Business location for high-performance air filters that help create healthier indoor spaces.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Kalamazoo, MI Branch

4110 S. 9Th Street
MI, 49009

Phone: +1 269-544-2444

W: https://camfilusakalamazoo.submitmypressrelease.com/

6. Los Angeles, California Air Filters:

In a city known for its bustling urban environment, Camfil’s Google Business location in Los Angeles provides air filters crucial for maintaining clean and breathable indoor air.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Los Angeles, CA Branch

10715 Springdale Avenue
CA, 90670

Phone: +1 800-300-3277

W: https://camfilusalosangeles.submitmypressrelease.com/

7. Nashville, Tennessee Air Filters:

Camfil’s Nashville Google Business location offers air filters to combat air pollution and ensure healthier indoor air quality for homes, offices, and commercial spaces.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Nashville, TN Branch

1305 Elm Hill Pike
CA, 37210

Phone: +1 615-248-9471

W: https://camfilusanashville.submitmypressrelease.com/

8. Phoenix, Arizona Air Filters:

With Camfil air filters available in Phoenix, residents and businesses can efficiently remove harmful particles from their indoor air, promoting a healthier living and working environment.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Phoenix, AZ Branch

4433 W Van Buren St #6
AZ, 85043

Phone: +1 602-437-3030

W: https://camfilusaphoenix.submitmypressrelease.com/

9. Puerto Rico Air Filters:

Camfil’s Google Business location in Puerto Rico provides air filters that help residents and businesses maintain clean and fresh indoor air, improving health and well-being.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Puerto Rico Branch

Turabo Industrial Park, Bldg #3-A
00778

Phone: 787-687-0663

W: https://camfilusapuertorico.submitmypressrelease.com/

10. Salt Lake City, Utah Air Filters:

With Camfil air filters available in Salt Lake City, Utah, residents and businesses can breathe easier by reducing airborne pollutants and allergens in indoor spaces.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Salt Lake City, UT Branch

5032 Amelia Earhart Dr. Suite B
UT, 84116

Phone: +1 801-487-3030

W: https://camfilusasaltlakecity.submitmypressrelease.com/

11. Syracuse, New York Air Filters:

Camfil’s Google Business location in Syracuse offers air filters that remove airborne contaminants, ensuring healthier indoor air quality and a more comfortable living or working environment.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Syracuse, NY Branch

6060 Tarbell Rd
NY, 13206

Phone: +1 315-468-3849

W: https://camfilusasyracuse.submitmypressrelease.com/

12. Austin, Texas Air Filters:

Residents and businesses in Austin, Texas, can benefit from Camfil’s high-quality air filters available at their Google Business location, providing cleaner and healthier indoor air.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Austin, TX Branch

3101 Longhorn Blvd
TX, 78758

Phone: +1 512-833-0237

W: https://camfilusaaustin.submitmypressrelease.com/

13. Carolinas Air Filters:

Camfil’s Google Business location in the Carolinas offers air filters that help combat the region’s unique air quality challenges, improving the indoor air quality for residents and businesses.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Carolinas, SC/NC Branch

130-C Cort Road
SC/NC, 29203

Phone: +1 803-773-9321

W: https://camfilusacarolinas.submitmypressrelease.com/

14. Dallas, Texas Air Filters:

With Camfil air filters available in Dallas, Texas, residents and businesses can enjoy improved indoor air quality, leading to healthier and more productive environments.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Dallas, TX Branch

3201 Premier Dr. Suite 102
TX, 75063

Phone: +1 972-850-7270

W: https://camfilusadallas.submitmypressrelease.com/

15. Houston, Texas Air Filters:

Camfil’s Google Business location in Houston offers air filters that contribute to cleaner indoor air by removing pollutants, allergens, and harmful particles.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Houston, TX Branch

6120 West by Northwest Blvd. Suite 150
TX, 77040

Phone: +1 832-237-3555

W: https://camfilusahouston.submitmypressrelease.com/

16. Livonia, Michigan Air Filters:

Residents and businesses in Livonia, Michigan, can turn to Camfil’s Google Business location for air filters that enhance indoor air quality and promote a healthier living and working environment.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Livonia, MI Branch

35525 Schoolcraft Road
MI, 48150

Phone: +1 734-261-1860

W: https://camfiusalivonia.submitmypressrelease.com/

17. Minneapolis, Minnesota Air Filters

Camfil’s Minneapolis Google Business location provides air filters designed to capture and eliminate airborne contaminants, ensuring fresher and cleaner indoor air.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Minneapolis, Minnesota Branch

3943 Meadowbrook Rd
MN, 55426

Phone: +1 952-933-8706

W: https://camfilusaminneapolisminnesota.submitmypressrelease.com/

18. Peoria, Illinois Air Filters:

With Camfil air filters available in Peoria, residents and businesses can improve their indoor air quality, reducing the potential health risks associated with poor air filtration.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Peoria, IL Branch

1620 West Chanute Road
IL,61615

Phone: +1 309-676-1161

W: https://camfilusapeoria.submitmypressrelease.com/

19. Portland, Oregon Air Filters:

Camfil’s Google Business location in Portland offers air filters that effectively remove pollutants from indoor air, helping residents and businesses maintain a healthier environment.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Portland, Oregon Branch

5365 SE International Way
OR, 97222

Phone: +1 503-233-5101

W: https://camfilusaportland.submitmypressrelease.com/

20. Sacramento, California Air Filters:

Residents and businesses in Sacramento can rely on Camfil’s Google Business location for air filters that contribute to cleaner indoor air and better respiratory health.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Sacramento, CA Branch

1500 National Dr. Suite C
CA, 95834

Phone: +1 916-397-0068

W: https://camfilusasacramento.submitmypressrelease.com/

21. Santa Clara, California Air Filters:

Camfil’s Santa Clara Google Business location provides air filters that help improve indoor air quality, ensuring a healthier and more comfortable environment for residents and businesses.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Santa Clara, CA Branch

460 Nelo St
CA, 95054

Phone: +1 408-987-7777

W: https://camfilusasantaclara.submitmypressrelease.com/

22. Tulsa, Oklahoma Air Filters:

With Camfil air filters available in Tulsa, residents and businesses can effectively reduce airborne contaminants, improving the overall air quality and well-being of their indoor spaces.

CONTACT INFO

Camfil USA Air Filters Tulsa, OK Branch

5455 South 99th East Avenue
OK, 74146

Phone: +1 918-627-4106

W: https://camfilusatulsa.submitmypressrelease.com/

Conclusion:

Camfil’s Business locations across various cities offer air filters to enhance indoor air quality. By installing Camfil air filters, residents and businesses can create healthier indoor environments, protecting themselves and their occupants from harmful airborne particles, allergens, and pollutants. With Camfil’s commitment to providing high-quality filtration solutions, you can breathe easier and enjoy cleaner, fresher air wherever you are. Don’t compromise on the air you breathe—choose Camfil air filters for a healthier life.

The post Enhance Indoor Air Quality with Camfil, A Leader in Air Filtration in the USA appeared first on Air Filters for Clean Air.

from Air Filters for Clean Air

Thursday, July 20, 2023

How Do Fireworks Affect Air Quality in the United States? Air Pollution Experts Explain

Fireworks were a factor in over 10,000 emergency room admissions in the U.S. last year, according to the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), and nearly three-quarters of those injuries occurred between mid-June and mid-July.

While burns and other acute injuries are unsurprising effects of DIY fireworks displays, fireworks emit potentially hazardous air pollutants that can have long-term health effects, even for people who are not involved in lighting them.

What Air Pollutants Come from Fireworks?

Fireworks are made of gunpowder (or black powder), which is a mixture of potassium nitrate, sulfur, and charcoal that burn quickly and explode to act as a propellant. While the products of gunpowder combustion vary based on its exact composition, gunpowder typically produces the following pollutants when burned:

Carbon dioxide (CO2), which can cause headaches and dizziness at high concentrations.
Carbon monoxide (CO), a poisonous gas that reduces the flow of oxygen around the body when inhaled, leading to dizziness, confusion, and potentially organ damage and death.
Nitrogen (N2), a stable gas that naturally makes up the majority of the earth’s atmosphere.
Potassium carbonate (K2CO3), a caustic chemical used in industrial processes that can cause severe respiratory irritation inhaled.
Potassium sulfide (K2S) quickly reacts with moisture in the air to form potassium hydrosulfide and potassium hydroxide, which burns the skin, damages the eyes, and irritates the lungs, causing permanent damage to respiratory tissue at high concentrations.

Fireworks also contain a variety of metals that produce bright colors when burned:

Sodium—yellow
Barium—green
Strontium—red
Copper—blue
Magnesium—white

These metals can be mixed in different proportions to create an entire spectrum of colors. After fireworks are set off, these metals can remain suspended in the air as particulate matter.

Another harmful kind of pollution emitted by fireworks is a kind of gas called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The health effects of PAHs vary, but many of these chemicals are classified as carcinogenic (cancer-causing), while others cause severe liver and kidney damage.

Study Shows a 42% Increase in Particulate Matter on July 4th and 5th

A study published in the journal Atmospheric Environment gathered air quality data from 315 locations in the United States over fourteen years. The researchers found that particulate matter increased by 42% on July 4th and 5th compared to the two preceding and following days. In many areas, the Fourth of July was consistently the most polluted day of the year. This effect was found regardless of whether the Fourth of July fell on a weekend or weekday.

It is important to note that the composition of particulate matter that comes from Independence Day fireworks displays differs from what is typically found in the air, containing the dangerous byproducts of setting off fireworks, such as potassium hydroxide and potassium carbonate, discussed above.

Preventing Health Effects from Pollution with Indoor Air Purifiers

While it can be difficult to control your exposure to outdoor air pollution, Americans spend more than 90% of their time indoors on average, where air can be fifty times more polluted than the air outdoors. As a result, using the right air filtration technology to improve indoor air quality can significantly reduce exposure to dangerous air pollutants that cause short- and long-term health effects.

To effectively protect yourself against harmful pollutants, consider adding a portable room air purifier that uses both factory-tested and certified HEPA filters (which trap particulate matter) and activated carbon filters (which remove gaseous pollutants such as ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and volatile organic compounds).

Learn more: Camfil’s Medical-Grade City M Air Purifier

About Camfil Clean Air Solutions

For more than half a century, Camfil has been helping people breathe cleaner air. As a leading manufacturer of premium clean air solutions, we provide commercial and industrial systems for air filtration and air pollution control that improve worker and equipment productivity, minimize energy use, and benefit human health and the environment. We firmly believe that the best solutions for our customers are the best solutions for our planet, too. That’s why every step of the way – from design to delivery and across the product life cycle – we consider the impact of what we do on people and on the world around us. Through a fresh approach to problem-solving, innovative design, precise process control, and a strong customer focus we aim to conserve more, use less and find better ways – so we can all breathe easier.

The Camfil Group is headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden, and has 30 manufacturing sites, six R&D centers, local sales offices in 35+ countries, and about 5,600 employees and growing. We proudly serve and support customers in a wide variety of industries and in communities across the world. To discover how Camfil USA can help you to protect people, processes and the environment, visit us at www.camfil.us/

Media Contact:

Lynne Laake

Camfil USA Air Filters

T: 888.599.6620

E: Lynne.Laake@camfil.com

F: Friend Camfil USA on Facebook

T: Follow Camfil USA on Twitter

Y: Watch Camfil Videos on YouTube

L: Follow our LinkedIn Page

Sources:

https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/topic/AirQuality/Fireworks

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231015301369

https://www.cpsc.gov/s3fs-public/2022-Fireworks-Annual-Report.pdf

The post How Do Fireworks Affect Air Quality in the United States? Air Pollution Experts Explain appeared first on Air Filters for Clean Air.

from Air Filters for Clean Air

Friday, July 14, 2023

Kansas City Ozone Alert Marks Smoggiest Summer Since 2018

An ozone alert was issued in Kansas City on Tuesday, 6/20, for the ninth time in June, signifying the most polluted summer for the area since 2018, which had ten ozone alerts in the month of June.

Continue reading to learn more about the health and environmental effects of ozone and what to do during an ozone alert from Camfil’s air quality experts.

What is Ozone?

Ozone (O3) is a gas molecule made of three oxygen molecules that occurs naturally in small amounts in the earth’s upper atmosphere and is less chemically stable than the form of oxygen that we breathe (O2). Ozone in the stratosphere protects us from harmful UV sunlight, but when it forms at ground level, it poses a severe risk to human health and causes significant damage to ecosystems.

Where Does Ground-Level Ozone Come From?

Ground-level ozone is formed at ground level when certain pollutants undergo chemical reactions in the presence of sunlight. Pollutants commonly involved in the formation of ozone include nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which can come from cars, power plants, industrial boilers, refineries, chemical plants, and other pollution sources.

Though high ozone levels can occur during any season, it is most likely during hot, sunny weather in the summer. It is also important to note that ozone can be carried long distances on the wind to rural areas where air quality is generally good and ozone is less likely to form.

What Health Issues Does Ozone Cause?

Ozone is considered highly reactive, which means that molecules of ozone easily react with other molecules they come into contact with. When ozone is inhaled, molecules react with the cells of our lungs and respiratory tract, causing tissue damage. Our bodies often respond to the presence of ozone with muscle constriction in the respiratory system, which traps air in the alveoli (the small sacs inside our lungs that aid the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide). Even in healthy individuals, this manifests in acute effects such as:

Coughing
Sore throats
Wheezing
Difficulty breathing
Pain when breathing deeply
Increase susceptibility to infection

Effects can be more serious in people with lung diseases such as asthma, COPD, and emphysema, leading to a greater frequency of attacks and increased severity of symptoms.

Although these short-term effects are generally reversible, long-term exposure or repeated episodes of acute exposure can cause permanent damage. Exposure to ozone levels that commonly occur in cities during the summer can cause a lasting reduction in lung capacity and reduced ability of the immune system to fight respiratory infections (reflected in long-term animal studies). Additionally, a study conducted by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) reported a 5-10% reduction in lung capacity in healthy volunteers engaging in moderate exercise for 6.5 hours with ozone levels at 80 ppb. The EPA’s threshold for unsafe ozone levels is 75 ppb, which is regularly exceeded in warm weather across the United States.

While individuals with respiratory conditions such as asthma are at increased risk of negative health effects, healthy individuals who regularly exercise at doors are considered to be another group at high risk for permanent side effects by the NIEHS.

Furthermore, children’s lungs are especially vulnerable to the effects of ozone exposure for several reasons:

Children’s respiratory systems are not fully developed
Children breathe more air per pound of body weight than adults
Children’s higher metabolic rates can lead to more severe responses
Children exercise more outdoors, on average than adults do

What Are the Environmental Effects of Ground-Level Ozone?

Some plants, including agricultural crops, are sensitive to the effects of ozone. When these plants are exposed to excessive levels of ozone, it can lead to:

Reductions in photosynthesis (the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose in the presence of sunlight)
Slowed growth
Increased susceptibility to disease, damage from insects and severe weather, and the effects of other pollutants

The damage that ozone causes to individual plants has further consequences for entire ecosystems, including:

changes to habitat quality
changes to the makeup of plants in a forest
changes to nutrient and water cycles

When Are Ozone Alerts Issued in Kansas City?

Ozone alerts are issued in Kansas City when conditions are such that ozone levels are likely to exceed the EPA’s threshold for an unsafe eight-hour average (75 parts per billion).

In addition to an ozone alert, it is common to receive messages advising people to avoid activities that could increase ozone levels, like filling up gas tanks, on these days.

What Should You Do During an Ozone Alert?

Here are several tips from AirQKC:

Stay indoors, in a building with good ventilation and air filtration if possible.
Avoid exercising rigorously outdoors, and try to schedule any activity you can’t avoid taking before 10 am or after 7 pm.
Drive your car as little as possible by combining and delaying errands or opting for carpooling or public transportation.
Avoid refueling your vehicle, because the fumes that are released and small spills that occur react with sunlight to create ozone.
Postpone activities that involve power equipment, such as mowing your lawn or using other garden equipment, which is estimated to be responsible for 9% of Kansas City’s ozone formation.

What Air Filters Get Rid of Ozone?

Pollution can be up to 50 times more concentrated indoors than outdoors. Ozone is a molecular pollutant (also referred to as a gaseous pollutant). Gaseous pollutants such as ozone cannot be removed from indoor air with HEPA filters, which are designed to capture particulate matter. Instead, activated carbon and similar activated media filters are designed to target ozone and other common gaseous pollutants.

For the best protection against smog, which is a severe form of pollution composed primarily of ozone and particulate matter and is often present on ozone alert days, use an air purifier with HEPA filters and activated carbon filters.

About Camfil Clean Air Solutions

Media Contact:

Lynne Laake

Camfil USA Air Filters

T: 888.599.6620

E: Lynne.Laake@camfil.com

F: Friend Camfil USA on Facebook

T: Follow Camfil USA on Twitter

Y: Watch Camfil Videos on YouTube

L: Follow our LinkedIn Page

Sources:

https://www.epa.gov/ground-level-ozone-pollution/

https://airqkc.org/air-quality/ozone-alert-center/

https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/OzoneWeBreathe/ozone_we_breathe2.php

The post Kansas City Ozone Alert Marks Smoggiest Summer Since 2018 appeared first on Air Filters for Clean Air.

from Air Filters for Clean Air

Sunday, July 9, 2023

New Study Highlights Tangible Health and Economic Impacts of Wildfire Smoke Pollution

A recent study published in the peer-reviewed journal Science of the Total Environment has found that particulate matter pollution from wildfire smoke is linked to an annual 4,000 to 9,000 premature deaths and an economic cost of between $36 and $82 billion in the United States.

Researchers from the University of Houston, Cornell University, and Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology in China sought to examine the specific impact of wildfire smoke pollution on several cities in the United States. To do so, they used satellite data from 2012 to 2014 to track the effects of wildfire emissions on air quality to create a model capable of assessing how particle pollution (PM2.5) could impact human health as well as the economy.

According to the model:

Los Angeles, which is downwind from west coast wildfires, had 119 premature deaths annually and a $1.07 billion financial burden as a result of wildfire pollution
Atlanta, which is downwind from fires in the Southern United States, had 76 premature deaths and a $690 million financial burden as a result of wildfire pollution
Houston had $65 premature deaths and a $580 million financial burden as a result of wildfire pollution

Researchers noted that, in the long term, the following states are likely to experience the greatest economic losses and the highest number of premature deaths due to the volume of pollutants carried their way:

California
Florida
Texas
Georgia
Alabama
North Carolina

What Is Particulate Matter?

Particulate matter is defined as any solid or liquid particle small enough to remain suspended in the air and is categorized by its size. PM2.5, the particle pollution assessed in the study, consists of particles with a diameter of 2.5 microns (micrometers, or one-millionth of a meter). Pollutants such as soot and black carbon are common results of the combustion of wood and other organic matter.

What Kinds of Pollution Come from Wildfire Smoke?

Importantly, particulate matter is not the only type of pollution that comes from wildfire smoke. In addition to particulate matter, the complete and incomplete combustion processes that occur during wildfires produce gaseous or molecular pollutants.

Molecular pollution is another broad category of pollutants that encompasses many different chemicals. The specific gaseous pollutants in wildfire smoke will depend on what was burned, but some commonly found wildfire smoke pollutants include:

ozone
sulfur dioxide
nitrogen oxides
carbon monoxide
carbon dioxide
volatile organics compounds (VOCs)
water vapor

Gaseous pollutants can also cause significant health side effects and worsen the effects of particulate matter, leading to increased hospital admissions, long-term side effects, and potential premature deaths.

How to Stay Safe When Your Area is Affected by Wildfire Smoke

During wildfire season, it’s crucial to consider the impacts of wildfire smoke and prepare accordingly for air quality advisories & poor conditions, even if you don’t live in an area directly affected by the burning itself.

Keep an eye on air quality in your area. The Air Quality Index, which is the EPA’s system for rating air quality using data from monitors across the United States, can tell you the specifics of your area’s air quality and what it means for your health.
Limit outdoor time as much as possible when there is an air quality advisory for your area, or when haze is visible. Remember, dangerous pollutants from wildfire smoke can be carried thousands of miles away from the source of the fire, which means that anywhere can be affected by wildfire pollution.
Avoid outdoor workouts. Breathing deeply when the air around you is heavily polluted means that you are breathing in a greater volume of pollutants, leading to more severe short- and long-term side effects.
Keep your doors and windows closed to maintain good air quality indoors as much as possible.
Visit buildings with a controlled, well-filtered air supply. Indoor air quality can be up to fifty times worse than the ambient air quality in the surrounding area because of outdated building design, poor air circulation, and inadequate air filtration. Although ventilation is important to avoid a buildup of pollutants in stagnant air, the air supply should also be filtered when outdoor pollution is heavy.
Maintain adequate filtration in your house. With increased levels of wildfire smoke, most HVAC systems are not equipped to handle the pollution. Thus, apart from improving indoor air quality, it’s essential to replace HVAC air filters frequently during wildfire season to protect equipment from damage.
Supplement your air filters with an air purifier. Residential HVAC systems have limited filter capacity, making air purifiers a valuable supplement. Camfil’s City M uses HEPA and activated carbon filtration to help eliminate both particulate matter and gaseous pollutants and improve air quality for a cleaner and safer indoor environment.